Avoiding exposure to air pollution not only safeguards your lungs but also has a positive impact on your brain health, according to a professor at McMaster University. Russell de Souza, from the Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, highlighted that prolonged exposure to two common air pollutants can lead to subtle changes in brain function.
The study, published in the journal Stroke, analyzed around 7,000 Canadians’ brain health performance between 2014 and 2018. Participants, with an average age of 57, were from various provinces in Canada. The research focused on their exposure to fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide, both prevalent in sources like wildfire smoke and vehicle emissions.
Using cognitive tests like the Montréal Cognitive Assessment and Digit Symbol Substitution Test, the researchers observed lower scores in individuals exposed to these pollutants. De Souza emphasized that while the declines were measurable, they were not severe enough to cause noticeable symptoms but could be early indicators of cognitive impairment.
Despite Canada’s relatively clean air, recent climate-driven events such as wildfires have posed challenges to maintaining air quality standards. De Souza suggested that individuals living near high-pollution areas like airports and highways should monitor air quality advisories regularly to gauge their risk levels.
To minimize indoor exposure to pollutants, Health Canada recommends practices such as proper ventilation and cleaning. Additionally, reducing nitrogen dioxide exposure involves venting gas appliances correctly and avoiding idling cars in enclosed spaces. The study was part of the Canadian Alliance for Healthy Hearts and Minds initiative, backed by various health organizations.
Long-term follow-up studies are crucial to understanding the cumulative effects of air pollution on cognitive decline and exploring the potential benefits of improving air quality on brain health.